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Basic Facts
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Nicaragua
conventional short form: Nicaragua
local long form: Republica de Nicaragua
local short form: Nicaragua
Gevernment typerepublic
Capital name: Managua
geographic coordinates: 12 09 N, 86 17 W
time difference: UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Flag descriptionthree equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and blue with the national coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms features a triangle encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA on the top and AMERICA CENTRAL on the bottom; similar to the flag of El Salvador, which features a round emblem encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR EN LA AMERICA CENTRAL centered in the white band; also similar to the flag of Honduras, which has five blue stars arranged in an X pattern centered in the white band
Currencygold cordoba (NIO)
Internet country code.ni
Ports and terminalsBluefields, Corinto, El Bluff
Agriculture productscoffee, bananas, sugarcane, cotton, rice, corn, tobacco, sesame, soya, beans; beef, veal, pork, poultry, dairy products; shrimp, lobsters
Industriesfood processing, chemicals, machinery and metal products, textiles, clothing, petroleum refining and distribution, beverages, footwear, wood
Geography
LocationCentral America, bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the North Pacific Ocean, between Costa Rica and Honduras
Coordinates13 00 N, 85 00 W
ContinentCentral America and the Caribbean
Area total: 129,494 sq km
land: 120,254 sq km
water: 9,240 sq km
Boundaries total: 1,231 km
border countries: Costa Rica 309 km, Honduras 922 km
Coastline910 km
Climatetropical in lowlands, cooler in highlands
Terrainextensive Atlantic coastal plains rising to central interior mountains; narrow Pacific coastal plain interrupted by volcanoes
Natural resourcesgold, silver, copper, tungsten, lead, zinc, timber, fish
Natural hazardsdestructive earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides; extremely susceptible to hurricanes
People
Population5,570,129 (July 2006 est.)
Ethnic groupsmestizo (mixed Amerindian and white) 69%, white 17%, black 9%, Amerindian 5%
ReligionsRoman Catholic 72.9%, Evangelical 15.1%, Moravian 1.5%, Episcopal 0.1%, other 1.9%, none 8.5% (1995 census)
LanguagesSpanish 97.5% (official), Miskito 1.7%, other 0.8% (1995 census)
note: English and indigenous languages on Atlantic coast

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